Inputs - Mains Voltage Measuring Channels |
Connection | L1, L2, L3, N PQube screw terminals [9], [11], [13], [15] |
Frequency Range | 40Hz~70Hz and 320Hz ~ 560Hz. Nominal 50Hz, 60Hz, or 400 Hz auto, 320-560Hz manually selected |
Mains Configuration | Single-phase, delta, wye or star. User selected or auto-selected |
Range of Nominal Input Voltage | 100VAC~690VAC L-L (69VAC~400VAC L-N) User selected or auto-selected |
Measurement Channels | Line-to-Neutral, Line-to-Line, Neutral-to-Earth |
Sampling Rate | 256 samples per cycle, phase-locked to input frequency |
Measurement range | 0 VAC ~ 900 VAC L-L (520 VAC L-N) |
Accuracy | ±0.05% rdg ±0.05% FS typical (10% ~ 150% of nominal). Every PQube factory tested at better than ±0.04%rdg ±0.04%FS. Note: FS is based on measurement range. |
RMS measurement method | True single-cycle RMS, phase-locked to each channel, updated every 1/2 cycle. URMS½ per IEC 61000-4-30 Class A. Also 10/12 cycle true-RMS per IEC 61000-4-30 Class A. |
HF Impulse detection | L1-E, L2-E, L3-E. ±450Vpk nominal threshold detected through 2-pole high-pass 4.8 kHz nominal filter. Every PQube factory tested with 1-µsecond 10%-to-90% impulses; trigger required at ±650Vpk, must not trigger ±250Vpk. |
Unbalance - voltage | Measurement method ANSI C84.1. Range: 0.0% - 100.0% Accuracy: ±0.1%. |
THD - voltage | Measurement method: Discrete Fourier Transform of phase-locked 256-samples-per cycle. Range: 0.0% - 100.0% Accuracy: ±0.2% at test waveform having typical harmonic content (5% 5th, 2.5% 7th, 1.5% 9th, and 1% 11th). Samples measured through 6-pole low-pass analog anti-alias filter, 3 dB frequency 4.7 kHz. |
RMS Flicker | Pinst - average absolute difference between URMS½ and 1-second RMS, in percent of nominal, multiplied by scaling factor for improved compatibility with Incandescent Flicker in IEC 61000-4-15. PST - mean value of Pinst over previous 10 minutes, synchronized to real-time clock. PLT - mean value of Pinst over previous 2 hours, synchronized to real-time clock. Range 0.0 ~ 20.0 . Accuracy ±0.1. |
Isolation | PQube provides more than 7500 VDC isolation to Earth. UL/IEC 61010 reinforced insulation. |
PT Input Ratio Range | 1:1 to 10000:1 |
Installation category | CAT IV UL/IEC 61010 for voltages up to 300VAC L-N (equivalent to 480VAC L-L), CAT III for higher voltages. Pollution Degree 2 |
Analog Input Channels |
Connection | AN1, AN2 PQube screw terminals [22], [30] |
Nominal Input | 0~30VAC or ±60VDC (to Earth) max |
Full Scale | 70VAC, ±100VDC |
Measurement Channels | AN1-Earth, AN2-Earth, AN1-AN2 |
User-specified Input Ratio | 1:1 to 10000:1 |
Sampling Rate | 12.8kHz or 15.4kHz (measured at same rate as mains voltage measuring channels) |
Accuracy | ±0.2% rdg ±0.2% FS typical (10% ~ 100% FS). Every PQube factory tested at better than ±0.1% rdg ±0.1% FS AC. |
Digital Input |
Connection | DIG1 PQube screw terminal [24] |
Rating | 60VDC to Earth |
Wetting | 5.4VDC at 3µA |
Threshold | 1.5V±0.2V with respect to PQube's Earth terminal, with 0.3V hysteresis typical |
Sampling Rate | 12.8kHz or 15.4kHz (sampled at same rate as mains voltage measuring channels) |
Frequency Measurement |
Range | 40Hz to 70Hz and 320Hz to 560Hz |
Accuracy | ±0.01Hz, steady state |
Method | Cycle-by-cycle zero-crossing detection on L1-E or L2-E (auto-selected). Firmware phase-locked for frequency slew rate up to 5 Hz/sec. For 50/60 Hz, measured through an 9-pole low-pass analog filter, 3 dB frequency 76 Hz. For 400 Hz, measured through 7-pole low-pass filter, 3 dB frequency 1 kHz. Poles and 3 dB frequency are auto-selected based on nominal frequency. |
Instrument Power |
Screw Terminals | (AC or DC) PQube POWER screw terminals [23], [31] |
AC Input | 24VAC ± 20% 50/60 Hz |
DC Input | 24-48VDC ± 20% (polarity independent) |
Power Required | 5VA max |
Internal UPS |
Type | Lithium Polymer Battery (replacement batteries available from PSL) |
Capacity | 600mAH (30 minutes typical with new, fully-charged battery) |
Backup period | User controlled. 1 to 10 minutes, 3 minute default. |
Optional PS1 Plug-in Module |
AC Input | 100~240VAC ± 10%. 50/60 Hz |
Power Required | 25VA max |
Isolation | Module provides more than 3200VDC isolation to all other circuits |
Power measurements |
Definitions |
Watts (power) | Sum of true instantaneous per-phase power |
Volt-Amps (apparent power) | Sum of per-phase product of RMS voltage and RMS current, taken over the measurement interval |
Power Factor (tPF) | True power factor - ratio of Watts to Volt-Amps. |
VAR's (volt-amps reactive) | Budeanu definition |
Carbon (CO2 rate and accumulated) | Based on patent-pending algorithm using watts and user-selected proportions of generator sources, and user-supplied carbon generation rates for each source. |
Current unbalance | Measurement method ANSI C84.1. |
Accuracy excluding external CT's |
Watts (power) | ±0.2% at unity power factor, nominal voltage, 20% ~ 100% FS current. Class 0.5 ANSI C12.20-1998. Better than ±0.25% rdg ±0.25% FS (10% ~ 120% FS), for phase angle Θfundamental = ±30° (angle between fundamental voltage and fundamental current). Accuracy calculation: sum of voltage accuracy, plus current accuracy, plus phase angle correction which is guaranteed less than ±0.025% x (1 / cos(Θfundamental)). |
Volt-Amps (apparent power) | Better than ±0.25% rdg ±0.25% FS typical (10% ~ 120% FS) |
Measurement Interval | Phase-locked, 10-cycles (50 Hz nominal) or 12-cycles (60 Hz nominal). Approximately 5 readings per second. Actual readings per second dependent on actual frequency. |
Operating Environment |
Ambient Conditions - Operating | -20°C ~ 50°C, 10%~90% RH |
Transient Voltages - 100kHz ring wave | 6 kV pk, IEC 61180, IEC 61000-4-5. Applied to voltage measuring terminals with Performance Evaluation Class 1. (When applied to optional power supply mains terminal, supply's fuse may operate in PE Class 3 at test levels greater than 4 kV.) |
EFT Burst Immunity | 4 kV pk, IEC 61000-4-4, Performance Evaluation Class 1. Applied to power measuring terminals and optional PS1 power supply mains terminals |
RF Field Strength Immunity | 3V / m, IEC 61000-4-3 Test Level 2 |
Magnetic Field Strength Immunity | 30A / m, IEC 61000-4-8 Test Level 4 |
Ingress Protection Rating (IP Rating) | IP20H, IEC 60529 |